Parainfluenza 1/2/3 IgG ELISA kit is an enzyme immunoassays (microtiter strips) for the qualitative and quantitative determination of IgG antibodies against Parainfluenza virus 1,2 and 3 in human serum and plasma. Parainfluenza 1/2/3 IgG ELISA kit is a solid phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) based on the sandwich principle. The wells of this Parainfluenza 1/2/3 IgG ELISA kit are coated with antigen. Specific antibodies of the sample binding to the antigen coated wells are detected by a secondary enzyme conjugated antibody (E-Ab) specific for human IgG. After the substrate reaction the intensity of the color developed is proportional to the amount of IgG-specific antibodies detected. Results of samples can be determined directly using the standard curve.
The Parainfluenza 1/2/3 IgG ELISA kit is shipped at ambient temperature and should be stored at 2-8°C. Keep away from heat or direct sunlight. The storage and stability of specimen and prepared reagents is stated in the protocol insert. The microtiter strips of this Parainfluenza 1/2/3 IgG ELISA kit are stable up to the expiry date of the kit in the broken, but tightly closed bag when stored at 2–8°C. The test results using this Parainfluenza 1/2/3 IgG ELISA kit are only valid if the test has been performed following the instructions. Moreover the user must strictly adhere to the rules of GLP (Good Laboratory Practice) or other applicable standards/laws. All standards used with this Parainfluenza 1/2/3 IgG ELISA kit must be found within the acceptable ranges as stated on the QC Certificate. If the criteria are not met, the run is not valid and should be repeated. Each laboratory should use known samples as further controls.
The infection with parainfluenza viruses is an air-borne infection and appears endemically worldwide. The seroprevalence of parainfluenza in infants in their first year of life is 50%. Typical for parainfluenza viruses are frequent reinfections, characteristically for parainfluenza 3. Incubation time is 2 - 6 days. The parainfluenza viruses are a subgroup of the paramyxoviruses. Together with the respiratory syncytial viruses (RS viruses), the pathogens belong to the major viral pathogens of diseases of the respiratory tract, accompanied by severe clinical symptoms. In adults, parainfluenza virus causes a feverish rhinitis and laryngitis. First signs are sudden headaches, pain in muscles and joints, followed by fever of 38°-39°C. If the lower respiratory tract is involved, additionally trachyphonea and dry cough develops as a sign of tracheobronchitis. Parainfluenza 1 causes severe pneumonias in newborns, manifested by high fever, cyanosis, dyspnoea and bloody purulent sputum. Sometimes, meningitis symptoms occur at the same time. Parainfluenza 2 very often causes an acute laryngotracheobronchitis with pseudocroup in infants and children. First signs of the infection are catarrhal symptoms followed by trachyphoena, dry barking cough and inspiratory stridor. Parainfluenza 3 viruses are considered as the major pathogens of pneumonia and bronchiolitis. While types 1, 2 and 3 are distributed worldwide, parainfluenza type 4 appears only in the USA. Infections 1 and 3 occur all the year, while parainfluenza 2 and 4 viruses appear only sporadically. Laboratory diagnosis of parainfluenza viruses is done using haemagglutination-inhibiting test (HIT) complement binding reaction (CF) and neutralisation test (NT). Newer methods are IFA and ELISA, which allow to identify IgG and IgA antibodies in the patient serum. In differential diagnosis, tests for other paramyxoviruses like mumps, shipping fever viruses and simianvirus type 5 have to be performed due to possible cross-reactions.
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